Stone, qì, unctuous, taxation, and blood strangury. The general features of strangury are frequent urination, urinary urgency, and difficult and painful voiding, as well as dribbling incontinence. Stone strangury, unctuous strangury, and blood strangury, which are characterized respectively by calculus, milky urine, and bloody urine, are mostly caused by damp-heat in the lower burner. Qì strangury takes two forms: if characterized by distension and pain in the lower abdomen stretching into the scrotum, inhibited urination and pain after urination, it is the result of bladder qì stagnation; if characterized by pain and distension in the lower abdomen and dribble after urination, it is the result of spleen-kidney qì vacuity. Taxation strangury is strangury brought on by overexertion and is characterized by dull pain in the urethra after voiding and by fatigued limbs. Often developing from other forms of strangury, it is a manifestation of spleen qì and/or kidney yáng vacuity.