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Physical body
形 〔形〕 xíng
The physical body in contrast to the constitutional body. Examining the physique is an important part of general diagnosis. A well-developed, strong, firm body indicates a strong constitution. Poor development and emaciation indicate a weak constitution. Obesity with soft flesh, lusterless white skin, scantness of breath, lack of strength, and lack of devitalized essence-spirit indicate what is known as a full physique with vacuous qì, implying a physical constitution characterized by a yáng qì vacuity. Such conditions are often seen in diseases described by Western medicine as endocrine disturbances, hypothyroidism, and some forms of hypertension. A pale drawn complexion, emaciation, and dry skin indicate insufficiency of yīn-blood, generally seen in constitutional yīn vacuity. Such conditions occur often in cases of tuberculosis, which has led to the saying, The thin are prone to taxation coughs.