Mania and withdrawal

Mental derangement. Mania (狂 kuáng) denotes states of excitement characterized by noisy, unruly, and even aggressive behavior, offensive speech, constant singing and laughter, irascibility, springing walls and climbing roofs, and inability to remain tidily dressed. This is a yáng pattern of the heart spirit straying outward owing to hyperactivity of yáng qì. Withdrawal (癫 diān) refers to emotional depression, indifference, deranged speech, taciturnity, and obliviousness of hunger or satiety. It is a yīn pattern caused by binding of depressed qì and phlegm or heart-spleen vacuity. See mania; withdrawal.