Either upborne elixir (Sublimatum Triplex, 升丹shēng dān) or white downborne elixir (Praeparatio Sublimata Alba, 白降丹bái jiàng dān), which are produced by sublimation. Upborne elixir is, according to one method, made by heating mercury (Hydrargyrum, 水银shuǐ yín), niter (Nitrum, 硝石xiāo shí), and alum (Alumen, 白矾bái fán) in a container with a lid sealed on to make yellow and red crystals settle on the lid on cooling (hence upborne elixir). Downborne elixir is made by heating cinnabar (Cinnabaris, 朱砂zhū shā), realgar (Realgar, 雄黄xióng huáng), mercury (Hydrargyrum, 水银shuǐ yín), borax (Borax, 硼砂péng shā), niter (Nitrum, 硝石xiāo shí), salt (Sal, 盐yán), alum (Alumen, 白矾bái fán), and melanterite (Melanteritum, 绿矾lǜ fán) in a sealed container to produce crystals in the container rather than the lid (hence downborne elixir).