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The process of diagnosing a morbid condition as a disease pattern caused by a disease evil, either of external or internal origin.

• External evils include the six excesses, pestilential qì, and warm evil.
• Disease evils of internal origin are static blood and phlegm (phlegm-rheum).

Disease evils are recognized by certain characteristic signs. Heat, for example, is identified by the presence of high fever, palpable heat, red facial complexion, red tongue and rapid pulse.

Disease-evil pattern identification is not in itself a basis for treatment. External evils are identified through externally contracted febrile disease pattern identification, while the internal evils require further scrutiny through bowel and visceral pattern identification. Furthermore, whatever evil is present, treatment can only be prescribed once the relative strength of the evil to right qì has been assessed.

The signs associated with evils are described cause of disease.

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