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Alternate Chinese names: 天鼠屎 tiān shǔ shǐ; 黑砂星 hēi shā xīng

Kingdom: Plant

Origin in unofficial sources: Vespertilio superans Thomas

Use: Medicinal

Category: Blood-quickening stasis-transforming agents / Blood-quickening injury-healing agents

Properties: Acrid; cold; nontoxic*.

Channel entry: Liver channel.

Actions and indications: Dispels stasis and disperses accumulations; clears the liver and brightens the eyes; disperses blood and disperses stagnation. Treats injury from knocks and falls; gān accumulation; red eyes; blood spillage in the white of the eye. Some sources include clear-eye blindness and sparrow blindness (night blindness); internal obstructions or external obstructions of the eye; scrofula.

Dosage and method: Oral: Used in pills and powder (3–9g). Topical: Grind to a powder and sprinkle on the affected area or apply mixed.

Quality: Droppings that are light in weight, brown in color with shiny speckles, and free of earth, and that have no grittiness detectable by chewing are the best.

Production area: Southern China.

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